Superflare Warnings, Binary Stars at the Galactic Core, and Lucy's Close Earth Flyby: S27E156

[00:00:00] Wir sind Teresa und Nemo und deshalb sind wir zu Shopify gewechselt.

[00:00:04] Die Plattform, die wir vor Shopify verwendet haben, hat regelmäßig Updates gebraucht, die teilweise dazu geführt haben, dass der Shop nicht funktioniert hat.

[00:00:11] Endlich macht unser Nemo Boards Shop dadurch auch auf den Mobilgeräten eine gute Figur und die Illustrationen auf den Boards kommen jetzt viel, viel klarer rüber, was uns ja auch wichtig ist und was unsere Marke auch ausmacht.

[00:00:22] Starte deinen Test nur heute für 1 Euro pro Monat auf shopify.de slash radio.

[00:00:27] Wir sind Teresa und Nemo und deshalb sind wir zu Shopify gewechselt.

[00:00:34] Die Plattform, die wir vor Shopify verwendet haben, hat regelmäßig Updates gebraucht, die teilweise dazu geführt haben, dass der Shop nicht funktioniert hat.

[00:00:41] Endlich macht unser Nemo Boards Shop dadurch auch auf den Mobilgeräten eine gute Figur und die Illustrationen auf den Boards kommen jetzt viel, viel klarer rüber, was uns ja auch wichtig ist und was unsere Marke auch ausmacht.

[00:00:52] Starte deinen Test nur heute für 1 Euro pro Monat auf shopify.de slash radio.

[00:00:58] Das ist Spacetime, Serie 27, Episode 156, für Broadcast, die 27th December 2024.

[00:01:07] Coming up on Spacetime, a new study warns das Threader Superflares von der Sun könnte als ein bisschen höher als 1 per century.

[00:01:14] Die erste-end-err-binary star system, found nearer our galaxy's central supermassive black hole.

[00:01:20] Und NASA's Lucy spacecraft swoops down low past the Earth.

[00:01:24] All that and more coming up on Spacetime.

[00:01:29] Welcome to Spacetime with Stuart Gary.

[00:01:48] New observations suggest that our Sun may be far more violent than previously thought and may be capable of erupting massive superflares able to engulf the Earth.

[00:01:58] The findings are based on evidence showing other Sun-like stars regularly hurl huge amounts of radiation into space at a rate of at least once per century.

[00:02:07] Now there's no question that our Sun can be a temperamental star, as this year's unusually strong solar storms have already proven.

[00:02:14] Some of which led to remarkable auroral activity at lower latitudes.

[00:02:18] But can our local star become even more furious?

[00:02:22] Evidence of the most violent solar tantrums can be found in prehistoric tree trunk rings and in samples of millennia-old glacial ice.

[00:02:29] However, from these indirect sources, the exact frequency of superflares can't be determined.

[00:02:34] And direct measurements of the amount of radiation reaching the Earth from the Sun has only been available since the beginning of the space age.

[00:02:41] Modern space telescopes observe thousands upon thousands of stars and record their brightness fluctuations in visible light.

[00:02:49] Superflares, which release amounts of energy of more than a noctillion joules, all within a short space of time, show themselves in the observational data as short, pronounced peaks in brightness.

[00:02:59] In the current study, astronomers analysed the data from 56,450 sun-like stars as seen by NASA's Kepler Space Telescope between 2009 and 2013.

[00:03:11] Now, scientists only focused on stars with surface temperatures and brightnesses similar to that of our Sun.

[00:03:17] Still, they identified 2,889 superflares on 2,527 of the 56,450 observed stars.

[00:03:26] Now, when you crunch the numbers, that means that on average, one Sun-like star produces a superflare approximately once per century.

[00:03:35] The study's lead author, Valerio Vassilie from the Max Planck Institute, says his team were surprised that Sun-like stars were so prone to such frequent superflares.

[00:03:45] See, earlier surveys by other groups had found average intervals of 1,000 or even 10,000 years.

[00:03:50] But the thing is, these earlier studies weren't able to determine the exact source of the flare,

[00:03:55] and therefore they had to limit themselves to stars that didn't have any nearby neighbours in the telescope image.

[00:04:01] And that's where the current study comes in. It's the most precise and sensitive to date.

[00:04:07] When an especially high flux of energetic particles from the Sun reaches the Earth's atmosphere,

[00:04:11] it produces a detectable amount of radioactive atoms, such as the radioactive isotope Carbon-14.

[00:04:17] And these atoms are then deposited in natural archives such as tree rings and glacial ice.

[00:04:22] So, a sudden influx of high-energy solar particles can be deduced by simply measuring the amount of Carbon-14 in a given area.

[00:04:31] And this has allowed researchers to identify five extreme solar particle events in three candidates

[00:04:36] within the past 12,000 years of the Holocene, leading to an average occurrence rate of once every 1,500 years,

[00:04:43] with the most violent believed to have occurred around the year 775.

[00:04:48] However, it's quite possible that many more such violent particle events,

[00:04:52] and also more super flares, would have occurred on the Sun in the past.

[00:04:56] It's unclear whether gigantic solar flares are always accompanied by coronal mass ejections.

[00:05:02] Nor is it clear what the relationship between super flares and extreme solar particle events is.

[00:05:07] And this new study doesn't reveal when, or if, the Sun will throw out another fit.

[00:05:12] However, the results do urge caution.

[00:05:15] The new data is a stark reminder that even the most extreme solar events imaginable

[00:05:20] are all part of the Sun's natural repertoire.

[00:05:23] For example, during the famous Carrington event of 1859,

[00:05:26] one of the most violent solar storms in the past 200 years,

[00:05:29] telegraph networks collapsed across large parts of Europe and North America.

[00:05:34] Now, according to our best estimates,

[00:05:36] the associated flares released only one hundredth the energy of a potential super flare.

[00:05:41] So, we may well have something to look forward to.

[00:05:45] This is Space Time.

[00:05:46] Still to come, the first ever binary star found near the supermassive black hole

[00:05:51] at the centre of our galaxy,

[00:05:52] and NASA's Lucy spacecraft swoops just a few hundred kilometres above the Earth

[00:05:57] on its way to Jupiter.

[00:05:58] All that and more still to come on Space Time.

[00:06:17] Astronomers have for the first time ever

[00:06:19] detected a binary star system orbiting close to Sagittarius A star,

[00:06:23] a supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy.

[00:06:27] The discovery, reported in the journal Nature Communications,

[00:06:30] was based on data collected by the European Southern Observatory's

[00:06:33] Very Large Telescope in Chile.

[00:06:35] The find will help astronomers better understand

[00:06:38] how stars can survive in environments of extreme gravity,

[00:06:41] and could pave the way for the detection of planets orbiting close to Sagittarius A star.

[00:06:46] Located 27,000 light-years away,

[00:06:49] Sagittarius A star is the centre point around which our entire Milky Way galaxy revolves,

[00:06:56] and contains some 4.3 million times the mass of our Sun.

[00:07:00] The study's lead author, Florian Feisker from the University of Cologne,

[00:07:04] says binary stars, that is, pairs of stars orbiting each other,

[00:07:07] are very common throughout the universe.

[00:07:09] But they've never before been found so near a supermassive black hole,

[00:07:13] where intense gravity can make stellar systems unstable.

[00:07:16] This new discovery, therefore, shows that some binaries can briefly thrive,

[00:07:21] even under destructive conditions.

[00:07:23] You could say that D9, as the newly discovered binary system has been called,

[00:07:27] was detected just in time,

[00:07:29] as it's estimated to only be 2.7 million years old,

[00:07:32] and the strong gravitational forces of the nearby black hole

[00:07:35] will probably cause it to merge into a single star within just a million years or so.

[00:07:40] Now, that might sound like a long time,

[00:07:42] but when looking at the edge of the universe,

[00:07:44] it's just the blink of an eye.

[00:07:46] Importantly, it provides a brief window on cosmic timescales

[00:07:50] to observe such a binary system.

[00:07:52] Now, for many years, scientists also thought that the extreme environments

[00:07:55] near a supermassive black hole would have prevented new stars from forming there.

[00:07:59] But several young stars found in close proximity to Sagittarius A star

[00:08:04] have now disproved this assumption.

[00:08:06] And the discovery of a young binary star system

[00:08:09] shows that even stellar pairs have the potential to form in these harsh conditions.

[00:08:13] The D9 system shows clear signs of the presence of gas and dust around the stars.

[00:08:19] That suggests that it could be a very young stellar system.

[00:08:22] The newly discovered binary was found in a dense cluster of stars

[00:08:25] and other objects orbiting Sagittarius A star,

[00:08:28] known as the S cluster.

[00:08:29] Most enigmatic in the cluster are the G objects,

[00:08:33] which behave like stars,

[00:08:34] but look more like clouds of gas and dust.

[00:08:36] It was during their observations of these mysterious objects

[00:08:39] that the team found a surprising pattern in D9.

[00:08:42] The data obtained with the VLT's AERIS instrument,

[00:08:46] combined with archival data from the Sinfoni instrument,

[00:08:48] revealed recurring variations in the velocity of the star,

[00:08:51] indicating that D9 was actually two stars orbiting each other.

[00:08:55] The results are shedding new light on what the mysterious G objects could be.

[00:09:00] The authors proposed that they might actually be

[00:09:02] a combination of binary stars that have not yet merged,

[00:09:05] and the leftover material from already-merged stars.

[00:09:08] But the precise nature of many of the objects orbiting Sagittarius A star,

[00:09:13] as well as exactly how they could have formed so close to a supermassive black hole,

[00:09:17] remains a mystery.

[00:09:19] This is space-time.

[00:09:21] Still to come, NASA's Lucy spacecraft swoops close to the Earth,

[00:09:25] and later in the science report,

[00:09:27] more evidence that drinking a small to moderate amount of wine

[00:09:30] could help ward off heart disease.

[00:09:31] All that and more still to come on Space-Time.

[00:09:47] Wünschst du dir jemanden, der dich versteht wie kein anderer?

[00:09:50] Jemand, der deine Wünsche wahr werden lässt

[00:09:53] und mit dir das schönste Abenteuer deines Lebens erleben möchte?

[00:09:57] Die Commerce-Plattform Shopify revolutioniert Millionen von Unternehmen weltweit.

[00:10:02] Mit Shopify richtest du im Nu deinen Online-Shop ein,

[00:10:06] ganz ohne Programmier- oder Designkenntnisse.

[00:10:08] Dank der effizienten Einrichtung und intuitiven Social-Media-

[00:10:12] und Online-Marketplace-Integration kannst du über Instagram, Ebay und Co.

[00:10:17] werben und verkaufen.

[00:10:18] Neue Zielgruppen zu erreichen war noch nie so einfach.

[00:10:21] Shopify bietet auf einer einzigen sicheren Plattform

[00:10:24] alle Tools, um dein Online-Business aufzubauen.

[00:10:28] Kostenlos testen und dein Business der Welt präsentieren.

[00:10:31] Shopify.de-try besuchen.

[00:10:34] Einfach Shopify.de-try eingeben und loslegen.

[00:10:39] Made for Germany.

[00:10:41] Powered by Shopify.

[00:10:42] Wünschst du dir jemanden, der dich versteht wie kein anderer?

[00:10:46] Jemand, der deine Wünsche wahr werden lässt

[00:10:48] und mit dir das schönste Abenteuer deines Lebens erleben möchte?

[00:10:52] Die Commerce-Plattform Shopify revolutioniert Millionen von Unternehmen weltweit.

[00:10:58] Mit Shopify richtest du im Nu deinen Online-Shop ein,

[00:11:01] ganz ohne Programmier- oder Designkenntnisse.

[00:11:04] Dank der effizienten Einrichtung und intuitiven Social-Media-

[00:11:08] und Online-Marketplace-Integration kannst du über Instagram,

[00:11:11] eBay und Co. werben und verkaufen.

[00:11:13] Neue Zielgruppen zu erreichen war noch nie so einfach.

[00:11:17] Shopify bietet auf einer einzigen sicheren Plattform

[00:11:20] alle Tools, um dein Online-Business aufzubauen.

[00:11:23] Kostenlos testen und dein Business der Welt präsentieren.

[00:11:27] Shopify.de-try besuchen.

[00:11:29] Einfach Shopify.de-try eingeben und loslegen.

[00:11:35] Made for Germany.

[00:11:36] Powered by Shopify.

[00:11:40] NASA's Lucy spacecraft has successfully undertaken its second-close flyby of the Earth

[00:11:45] as it continues to build up speed on its journey to study Jupiter's Trojan asteroids.

[00:11:51] The spacecraft swooped down just 360 kilometres above Australia's east coast

[00:11:55] as it gained a gravity assist to change its course

[00:11:58] and fling it out towards its next target through the main asteroid belt

[00:12:02] and out towards the never-before-explored Jovian Trojan asteroids.

[00:12:06] Its close encounter with the Earth increased its speed with respect to the Sun

[00:12:10] by more than 7.31 kilometres per second.

[00:12:14] The Jovian Trojans are two small bundles of ancient asteroids

[00:12:18] which are caught in a gravity well in Jupiter's orbit.

[00:12:21] The first group of Trojans travels 60 degrees ahead of Jupiter

[00:12:25] in its orbit around the Sun

[00:12:26] while the second group travels 60 degrees behind the gas giant.

[00:12:30] These are known as the Lagrangian L4 and L5 positions.

[00:12:34] Areas with a gravitational tug-of-war of primary and secondary objects

[00:12:38] allows a body to remain in that position for an extended period of time.

[00:12:42] The second Earth gravity assist occurred three years into Lucy's 12-year voyage.

[00:12:48] The first gravity assist was back in October 2022

[00:12:51] just a year after its launch.

[00:12:52] That boosted the spacecraft from an initial one-year orbit around the Sun

[00:12:56] to its present two-year orbit

[00:12:58] allowing it to reach the inner limits of the main asteroid belt.

[00:13:02] And this enabled Lucy's first asteroid encounter

[00:13:05] with a small asteroid Dinkanesh

[00:13:07] and its tiny satellite moon Salim.

[00:13:09] This month's latest gravity assist

[00:13:11] boosted the spacecraft into a six-year orbit

[00:13:14] one that will carry Lucy through the main asteroid belt

[00:13:17] where it will fly past the asteroid Donald Johansson

[00:13:19] on April 20, 2025

[00:13:21] and then into the Trojan asteroid swarm

[00:13:23] that leads Jupiter in its orbit

[00:13:25] for the first Trojan asteroid encounter in 2027.

[00:13:29] This report from NASA TV.

[00:13:33] NASA's Lucy mission is heading to the Jupiter Trojans,

[00:13:36] two swarms of asteroids trapped in Jupiter's orbit.

[00:13:39] When it arrives,

[00:13:41] it will provide the first close-up look

[00:13:42] at these primitive objects

[00:13:44] thought to be fossils from the dawn of the solar system.

[00:13:47] But to get there, Lucy needs a little help from the Earth.

[00:13:56] After launching on October 16, 2021,

[00:14:00] Lucy returned home exactly one year later

[00:14:02] for the first of three Earth gravity assists,

[00:14:05] stealing an undetectably small amount of Earth's orbital energy

[00:14:08] to boost the spacecraft.

[00:14:10] This allowed Lucy to skim the inner edge

[00:14:13] of the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

[00:14:16] On November 1, 2023,

[00:14:18] it flew by asteroid Dinkinesh

[00:14:21] and discovered a small moon.

[00:14:23] On December 12,

[00:14:24] at 1.20 p.m. Eastern Time,

[00:14:27] it crossed the moon's orbit

[00:14:28] from the direction of the sun,

[00:14:29] greeted by a brilliant view of Australia

[00:14:31] and the Pacific Ocean.

[00:14:33] In the hour before closest approach,

[00:14:36] Lucy skims through Earth's upper atmosphere,

[00:14:39] traveling over nine miles per second,

[00:14:41] bidding farewell to home

[00:14:43] until its third and final gravity assist

[00:14:45] in December 2030.

[00:14:49] The 2024 encounter boosts Lucy's velocity

[00:14:52] by four and a half miles per second

[00:14:54] relative to the sun,

[00:14:55] putting it on course for the L4 Trojans

[00:14:58] that travel ahead of Jupiter.

[00:14:59] But first,

[00:15:01] Lucy will traverse the main asteroid belt,

[00:15:03] making a flyby of asteroid Donald Johansson

[00:15:06] on April 20, 2025.

[00:15:18] This is Space Time.

[00:15:33] Wünschst du dir jemanden,

[00:15:35] der dich versteht wie kein anderer?

[00:15:37] Jemand, der deine Wünsche wahr werden lässt

[00:15:39] und mit dir das schönste Abenteuer

[00:15:41] deines Lebens erleben möchte?

[00:15:43] Die Commerce-Plattform Shopify

[00:15:45] revolutioniert Millionen von Unternehmen weltweit.

[00:15:49] Mit Shopify richtest du im Nu

[00:15:51] deinen Online-Shop ein,

[00:15:52] ganz ohne Programmier- oder Designkenntnisse.

[00:15:55] Dank der effizienten Einrichtung

[00:15:57] und intuitiven Social Media

[00:15:58] und Online-Marketplace-Integration

[00:16:00] kannst du über Instagram,

[00:16:02] Ebay und Co. werben und verkaufen.

[00:16:04] Neue Zielgruppen zu erreichen

[00:16:06] war noch nie so einfach.

[00:16:08] Shopify bietet auf einer einzigen

[00:16:10] sicheren Plattform alle Tools,

[00:16:12] um dein Online-Business aufzubauen.

[00:16:14] Kostenlos testen

[00:16:15] und dein Business der Welt präsentieren.

[00:16:18] Shopify.de-try besuchen.

[00:16:21] Einfach Shopify.de-try eingeben

[00:16:24] und loslegen.

[00:16:26] Made for Germany.

[00:16:27] Powered by Shopify.

[00:16:29] Wir sind Teresa und

[00:16:30] Nemo

[00:16:31] und deshalb sind wir zu Shopify gewechselt.

[00:16:33] Die Plattform, die wir vor Shopify verwendet haben,

[00:16:36] hat regelmäßig Updates gebraucht,

[00:16:37] die teilweise dazu geführt haben,

[00:16:39] dass der Shop nicht funktioniert hat.

[00:16:41] Endlich macht unser Nemo-Boards-Shop

[00:16:42] dadurch auch auf den Mobilgeräten eine gute Figur

[00:16:44] und die Illustrationen auf den Boards

[00:16:46] kommen jetzt viel, viel klarer rüber,

[00:16:48] was uns ja auch wichtig ist

[00:16:49] und was unsere Marke auch ausmacht.

[00:16:52] Starte dein Test nur heute

[00:16:53] für 1 Euro pro Monat

[00:16:55] auf Shopify.de

[00:16:56] slash radio.

[00:17:30] And time now to take another brief look

[00:17:31] ice cover in subsequent winters

[00:17:33] will strengthen these impacts

[00:17:34] and are likely to lead to profound changes

[00:17:36] in faraway places,

[00:17:38] including the tropics

[00:17:39] and the northern hemisphere.

[00:17:42] A new study warns that men with enlarged breast tissue

[00:17:45] that's not caused by excess weight

[00:17:47] could be at a heightened risk of dying

[00:17:49] before the age of 75.

[00:17:51] The study by Danish researchers

[00:17:53] was reported in the British Medical Journal.

[00:17:55] The condition known as gyna kosmestia

[00:17:57] is often caused by a hormone imbalance.

[00:18:00] The authors found a 37% increase

[00:18:03] in the risk of death

[00:18:04] in people who have enlarged breast tissue

[00:18:06] compared to those who don't.

[00:18:09] Well, of course, it's Christmas and the holidays

[00:18:11] and New Year coming up,

[00:18:13] so it's time for another study

[00:18:14] on alcohol consumption.

[00:18:15] Now, earlier this year,

[00:18:16] we reported a study

[00:18:17] which specifically stated

[00:18:19] that no amount of alcohol

[00:18:20] is healthy for you.

[00:18:22] And the more alcohol you drink,

[00:18:23] the more it's likely

[00:18:24] to shorten your lifespan.

[00:18:26] But now comes a new report

[00:18:28] from the European Heart Journal.

[00:18:29] It claims to have found evidence

[00:18:31] that drinking a small

[00:18:32] or moderate amount of wine

[00:18:34] could actually help

[00:18:35] ward off heart disease

[00:18:36] in people with otherwise healthy diets.

[00:18:38] As part of a Spanish study

[00:18:40] looking at the Mediterranean diet

[00:18:42] in people at a higher risk

[00:18:43] of developing heart disease,

[00:18:44] researchers asked 1,232 participants

[00:18:47] how much wine they drank,

[00:18:49] and they then tested

[00:18:50] the participants' urine

[00:18:51] for a more objective measurement.

[00:18:53] Following up over four to five years,

[00:18:55] researchers said that

[00:18:56] those who drank half

[00:18:57] to one glass of wine a day

[00:18:59] were 50% less likely

[00:19:00] to have a heart problem

[00:19:01] compared to those

[00:19:02] who rarely or never drank wine.

[00:19:04] However, this reduced risk

[00:19:06] disappeared for those

[00:19:07] who drank more than

[00:19:08] a glass of wine a day.

[00:19:10] The authors say that

[00:19:11] while this study

[00:19:11] was quite specific

[00:19:12] looking at Mediterranean people

[00:19:14] eating Mediterranean diets,

[00:19:16] it does add to evidence

[00:19:17] of the potential health benefits

[00:19:18] of a glass of wine

[00:19:20] when drunk in moderation.

[00:19:22] There are now headlines

[00:19:24] being broadcast

[00:19:25] that believing in the Loch Ness Monster

[00:19:27] will make you far less stressed

[00:19:28] than believing in God.

[00:19:30] But as Tim Mendham

[00:19:31] from Australian Skeptics explains,

[00:19:33] it's just another classic case

[00:19:35] of the media

[00:19:35] misunderstanding the science

[00:19:37] and getting everything

[00:19:38] the wrong way round.

[00:19:39] This is a classic case

[00:19:40] of a headline

[00:19:41] misunderstanding totally

[00:19:42] the science.

[00:19:43] There was a study

[00:19:44] that was done by

[00:19:45] Manchester Metropolitan University

[00:19:47] looking at comparing

[00:19:48] stress with beliefs

[00:19:50] and what they found out

[00:19:51] using a particular test

[00:19:53] which is, wait for it,

[00:19:54] called the

[00:19:54] Rash Purified Revised

[00:19:56] Paranormal Belief Scale

[00:19:57] and this is a revised version

[00:19:58] or a purified version

[00:19:59] of a previous one

[00:20:00] which they thought

[00:20:01] wasn't very good.

[00:20:01] So what they found out

[00:20:02] was that people with stress

[00:20:04] tended to believe

[00:20:04] in God and religion

[00:20:05] as opposed to people

[00:20:07] with less stress

[00:20:07] believe in New Age theories

[00:20:09] and the paranormal

[00:20:10] ghosts and that sort of stuff.

[00:20:11] The suggestion is that

[00:20:12] because God

[00:20:13] and religion

[00:20:14] and that sort of stuff

[00:20:15] is something we don't

[00:20:16] have control over

[00:20:17] that it often has

[00:20:18] a major impact

[00:20:18] on our lives

[00:20:19] and people get worried

[00:20:20] about it.

[00:20:21] They lack personal control

[00:20:22] which is understandable

[00:20:23] in a way.

[00:20:23] If something's going to

[00:20:24] drop on your head

[00:20:25] you've got no control

[00:20:26] over it

[00:20:26] but you're worried about it

[00:20:27] your stress levels

[00:20:28] are going to go up.

[00:20:28] It's the randomness of life

[00:20:30] if you like that.

[00:20:31] They've upset people

[00:20:31] very much.

[00:20:32] the Loch Ness Monster

[00:20:33] or Bigfoot

[00:20:34] do the same thing.

[00:20:35] Well no

[00:20:35] this is the weird thing.

[00:20:37] There's this news report

[00:20:38] that came out

[00:20:38] saying that

[00:20:39] believing in the Loch Ness Monster

[00:20:40] will make you

[00:20:41] far less stressed

[00:20:42] than believing in God.

[00:20:43] Well that's not

[00:20:44] the way it works.

[00:20:45] They totally misunderstand

[00:20:46] correlation and causation

[00:20:47] because basically

[00:20:48] they're saying

[00:20:48] almost suggesting that

[00:20:49] go ahead and believe

[00:20:50] in the Loch Ness Monster

[00:20:51] and it'll make you

[00:20:51] feel good.

[00:20:52] No.

[00:20:53] The suggestion is

[00:20:54] that if you have

[00:20:55] less stress

[00:20:55] you might be more

[00:20:56] inclined to believe

[00:20:57] in the Loch Ness Monster.

[00:20:58] You've got more time

[00:20:58] on your hands

[00:20:59] to think of other things

[00:21:00] haven't you?

[00:21:01] Well yes.

[00:21:02] Perhaps people get

[00:21:03] things back to front

[00:21:03] the causation

[00:21:04] and the correlation

[00:21:05] but they mix them up.

[00:21:06] I saw a story

[00:21:07] once that

[00:21:08] kids who smoke

[00:21:09] will

[00:21:10] this is a true

[00:21:11] social studies story

[00:21:12] kids who smoke

[00:21:13] will muck up in school.

[00:21:15] No actually

[00:21:16] it's not the smoking

[00:21:17] that causes

[00:21:17] it's the other way.

[00:21:18] Kids who muck up

[00:21:18] in school tend to have

[00:21:19] smoking.

[00:21:20] People get around

[00:21:20] the wrong way

[00:21:21] and they actually

[00:21:21] end up making policy

[00:21:22] on the basis of

[00:21:23] seeing things back to front.

[00:21:24] So you could say

[00:21:25] I'll encourage more people

[00:21:27] to see the Loch Ness Monster

[00:21:27] then they'll feel good

[00:21:28] but no

[00:21:29] they see the Loch Ness Monster

[00:21:30] because they feel good.

[00:21:32] The real issue

[00:21:32] is that people

[00:21:33] who are stressed

[00:21:34] tend to have more

[00:21:34] belief in God

[00:21:35] and religion

[00:21:36] because they worry

[00:21:37] about randomness

[00:21:38] and that tends

[00:21:39] towards this random

[00:21:41] impact philosophy

[00:21:42] whereas Loch Ness

[00:21:43] is something

[00:21:44] that doesn't

[00:21:44] particularly hurt anybody

[00:21:45] so people with less stress

[00:21:46] are very happy

[00:21:47] to accept that.

[00:21:48] They apparently

[00:21:48] spoke with about

[00:21:49] 3,000 people

[00:21:49] I think it was

[00:21:50] so it's a decent

[00:21:50] size study.

[00:21:52] That's a sample size

[00:21:52] yeah.

[00:21:53] That's Tim Indom

[00:21:54] from Australian Skeptics

[00:21:55] and that's the show

[00:22:12] for now.

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